"""
Functions for detecting ECs that should not be
included in 3D structure prediction
Most functions in this module are rewritten from
older pipeline code in choose_CNS_constraint_set.m
Authors:
Thomas A. Hopf
"""
from operator import xor
from copy import deepcopy
[docs]def detect_secstruct_clash(i, j, secstruct):
"""
Detect if an EC pair (i, j) is geometrically
impossible given a predicted secondary structure
Based on direct port of the logic implemented in
choose_CNS_constraint_set.m from original pipeline,
lines 351-407.
Use secstruct_clashes() to annotate an entire
table of ECs.
Parameters
----------
i : int
Index of first position
j : int
Index of second position
secstruct : dict
Mapping from position (int) to secondary
structure ("H", "E", "C")
Returns
-------
clashes : bool
True if (i, j) clashes with secondary
structure
"""
# extract a secondary structure substring
# start and end are inclusive
def _get_range(start, end):
return "".join(
[secstruct[pos] for pos in range(start, end + 1)]
)
def _all_equal(string, char):
return string == len(string) * char
# get bigger and smaller of the two positions
b = max(i, j)
s = min(i, j)
# if pair too distant in primary sequence, do
# not consider for clash
if b - s >= 15:
return False
# get secondary structure in range between pairs
secstruct_string = _get_range(s, b)
# part 1: check for clashes based on alpha helices
# first check for helix between them, or both in a helix
# (or either one directly next to helix)
if _all_equal(_get_range(s + 1, b - 1), "H"):
return True
# of if just one of them is in a helix
elif xor(secstruct[s] == "H", secstruct[b] == "H"):
h2 = "H" * (b - s - 1)
h3 = "H" * (b - s - 2)
if h2 in secstruct_string:
if b - s > 6:
return True
elif h3 in secstruct_string:
if b - s > 11:
return True
# part 2: check for clashes based on beta strands
if _all_equal(_get_range(s + 1, b - 1), "E"):
return True
elif _all_equal(_get_range(s + 2, b - 2), "E"):
if b - s > 8:
return True
if xor(secstruct[s] == "E", secstruct[b] == "E"):
e2 = "E" * (b - s - 1)
e3 = "E" * (b - s - 2)
e4 = "E" * (b - s - 3)
if e2 in secstruct_string:
return True
elif e3 in secstruct_string:
return True
elif e4 in secstruct_string:
if b - s > 8:
return True
return False
[docs]def secstruct_clashes(ec_pairs, residues, output_column="ss_clash",
secstruct_column="sec_struct_3state"):
"""
Add secondary structure clashes to EC table
Parameters
----------
ec_pairs : pandas.DataFrame
Table with EC pairs that will be tested
for clashes with secondary structure
(with columns i, j)
residues : pandas.DataFrame
Table with residues in sequence and their
secondary structure (columns i, ss_pred).
output_column : str, optional (default: "secstruct_clash")
Target column indicating if pair is in a
clash or not
secstruct_column : str, optional (default: "sec_struct_3state")
Source column in ec_pairs with secondary structure
states (H, E, C)
Returns
-------
pandas.DataFrame
Annotated EC table with clashes
"""
ec_pairs = deepcopy(ec_pairs)
secstruct = dict(zip(residues.i, residues[secstruct_column]))
ec_pairs.loc[:, output_column] = [
detect_secstruct_clash(row["i"], row["j"], secstruct)
for idx, row in ec_pairs.iterrows()
]
return ec_pairs
[docs]def disulfide_clashes(ec_pairs, output_column="cys_clash"):
"""
Add disulfide bridge clashes to EC table (i.e. if
any cysteine residue is coupled to another cysteine).
This flag is necessary if disulfide bridges are created
during folding, since only one bridge is possible per
cysteine.
Parameters
----------
ec_pairs : pandas.DataFrame
Table with EC pairs that will be tested
for the occurrence of multiple cys-cys
pairings (with columns i, j, A_i, A_j)
output_column : str, optional (default: "cys_clash")
Target column indicating if pair is in a
clash or not
Returns
-------
pandas.DataFrame
Annotated EC table with clashes
"""
ec_pairs = deepcopy(ec_pairs)
# find all cys-cys pairs
cys_pairs = ec_pairs.query("A_i == 'C' and A_j == 'C'")
# detect multiple occurrences of cysteine residues in
# cys-cys bridges
paired = set()
clashes = []
# go through all cys-cys ECs
for idx, row in cys_pairs.iterrows():
i, j = row["i"], row["j"]
# have we seen either residue as paired before?
# if so, flag as a clash
if i in paired or j in paired:
clashes.append(idx)
# store that we have seen both residues in
# a pair
paired.add(i)
paired.add(j)
# initialize output to no clash for all
ec_pairs.loc[:, output_column] = False
# then set clash flag for detected clashes
ec_pairs.loc[clashes, output_column] = True
return ec_pairs